Indonesia
is the country which has a lot resource. Indonesia also is the country which
located in strategic positions. It's one of the most countries which has shape
the islands. Those positions make easier the trade of Indonesia. There are a
lot of resources which can found in Indonesia. As a tropic country Indonesia is
also well-known as one of the most country which has oil resource. The Indonesian archipelago has been an
important trade region since at least the 7th century. Indonesia’s environment has a good prospect
for the economy. But, it seems useless now because until now the citizens can
not feel the benefits from that.
Indonesia's high population and
rapid industrialization present serious environmental issues, which are often
given a lower priority due to high poverty levels and weak, under-resourced
governance. Issues include large-scale deforestation (much of it illegal) and
related wildfires causing heavy smog over parts of western Indonesia, Malaysia
and Singapore; over-exploitation of marine resources; and environmental
problems associated with rapid urbanization and economic development, including
air pollution, traffic congestion, garbage management, and reliable water and
waste water services.
Deforestation and the destruction of peat lands make Indonesia the world's
third largest emitter of greenhouse gases. Habitat destruction threatens the
survival of indigenous and endemic species, including 140 species of mammals
identified by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) as threatened, and 15
identified as critically endangered, including Bali Starling, Sumatran Orangutan, and Javan Rhinoceros.
Much of Indonesia's deforestation is caused by forest clearing for the palm oil
Industry, which has cleared 18 million hectares of forest for palm oil
expansion. Palm oil expansion requires land reallocation as well as changes to
the local and natural ecosystems. Palm oil expansion can generate wealth for
local communities if done right. If down wrong it can degrade ecosystems and cause
social conflicts.
Actually,
the environment of Indonesia very supports the trade of them. Indonesia has a
lot natural resources (gas, oil, palm, gold and so on). Before Indonesia got
the independence, Netherland and Japan was very interested to take the
resources from Indonesia because Indonesia has a lot of it. It’s because
Indonesian people can’t manage the resources as well. Indonesia as the owner of all resources but
the foreign country as manager, so even though we have everything, we still
can’t manage it so they feel so free to explore the resources. For example PT
Freeport (golden company), its located in Indonesia but the owner of the
company is the foreign people not Indonesian people. Indonesian people just
became labor and worker, so even though it has big profit but the profit from
Freeport only could feel by that foreign people. If the resources could manage as well,
Indonesia might be doing the large exports. To make it comes true is upgrading
our human resources. Because in Indonesia the most factor which make Indonesia
being a development country is the human resources.
The
strength and weakness of Environment in Indonesia
The
strength: as a tropic country, Indonesia has lot natural resources. There’s so
many things which can produce to be a worth things. The country has extensive
natural resources, including crude oil, natural gas, tin, copper, and gold.
Indonesia's major imports include machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels,
and foodstuffs. And the country's major export commodities include oil and gas,
electrical appliances, plywood, rubber, and textiles. If we can produce or
manage those things, we can reach more profit from that.
The
weakness: Nowadays, the half environment of Indonesia has destroyed; its
causing the economy of Indonesia was stuck. For example we look on lapindo’s
case, it has wasted the income of the country, the income became less but the
case still exists. It was disturbing the trade of Indonesia, Lapindo Company is
located in central java where the batik (biggest culture of Indonesia which
famous in the world) was produced. There’s so many batik factory can’t producing
anymore because their factory was full of lapindo’s mud.
Another
one is the traffics and flood in our
capital, Jakarta. Everyday the people who live in Jakarta might be feels
stressed out because of it. Jakarta is the capital and the central economy of
Indonesia. Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia and the country's largest
commercial center. Indonesia was being the biggest exports before the 1960s.
but In the 1960s, the economy deteriorated drastically as a result of political
instability, a young and inexperienced government, and economic nationalism,
which resulted in severe poverty and hunger. By the time of Sukarno's downfall
in the mid-1960s, the economy was in chaos with 1,000% annual inflation,
shrinking export revenues, crumbling infrastructure, factories operating at
minimal capacity, and negligible investment. Following President Sukarno's
downfall in the mid-1960s, the New Order administration brought a degree of
discipline to economic policy that quickly brought inflation down, stabilized
the currency, rescheduled foreign debt, and attracted foreign aid and
investment. Indonesia was until recently Southeast Asia's only member of OPEC,
and the 1970s oil price raises provided an export revenue windfall that
contributed to sustained high economic growth rates, averaging over 7% from
1968 to 1981. Following further reforms in the late 1980s, foreign investment
flowed into Indonesia, particularly into the rapidly developing export-oriented
manufacturing sector, and from 1989 to 1997, the Indonesian economy grew by an
average of over 7%. Now, If we want to go to the office which has distance
5-10km it takes 2-4 hours. Their time was wasted in the way without getting
anything from that activities. That case has wasted much income of government.
Until now , haven’t any solution yet to solve it.
There
are many cases of environment which disturbed our trade activities. Because of
that indonesia being the trade deficit. But if we can maximizing all resources
of from the environment maybe our exports will be higher than our imports (as
known as trade surplus) seems like netherland, new zealand,US, and so on.As the
society we should keep our environment. We can starts it from the little
things. Do not ever destroy our environment within anything because it will
make Indonesia become poor in the future.
The
government should be making the solution of all. First the government have to make rules for
the nasty citizens who destroy our environment. They should be receive the
punishment after they do that. The other policy of government is the government
must upgrading the quality of our human resources. Human resources is very
important factor at all, because even though we have everything but the human
resources didn’t have skills it just useless. To manage it as well we should
upgrades the human resources. Then our
country will be more productive to make our income increase and our payable in
the World Bank will be decrease. From now we have to starts to keep and
balancing our environment so we can take more advantages from it.
let’s
make our environment better than before and maximizing the resources as well.
if its already done, we can get more than one advantages from it. First, our
income will be higher and it might be reach more profit for the country.
Second,the environment will be balance and no more crowded in Indonesia.
Essay Source :
Name : Ayu Riwandasari
NPM :120110120180
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/ayu.riwandasari
13 comments:
Interresting topic,i think the goverments should read this article
What the nice article, before we go for more first we must getting to the roots of the problems
On the surface, Indonesia’s environmental problems – deforestation, wildlife trade, pollution, overfishing etc – and vanishing natural resources appear to be issues of poverty, population pressure and poor governance.
In reality, the situation is more complex.
Across the world, a growing appetite for Indonesia’s fish, oil palm, timber, wood pulp, gold, oil and gas resources are pressing the country to keep on exporting its natural heritage in the form of oils, logs, fish fillets and photocopy paper.
The problem is that a lot of these activities are taking place illegally and/or are carried out in an unsustainable way.
So what environmental problems is Indonesia facing?
Deforestation
What explains Indonesia's phenomenal rate of forest loss?
One cause is global demand for wood pulp and palm oil, and the resulting clearance of forests for plantations. Palm oil is now considered a major source of income for Indonesia and for more than 3.5 million people working in this sub-sector.
But this expansion comes at a heavy price. Where plantations are created in areas of high conservation value forests (HCVF), this has led to the complete loss of forest ecological functions and socioeconomic benefits for local people.
Another cause of Indonesia’s massive rate of deforestation is global demand for timber. Approximately 80% of timber production in Indonesia is considered to stem from illegal logging.
Forest problems globally
Forests: how they work, why we cannot do without them
Palm oil, oil palm plantations and their impacts
Unsustainable and illegal wildlife trade
Wildlife over-exploitation is severe in Indonesia, where human resources and funding are inadequate to monitor the wildlife trade and enforce existing protection laws.
About unsustainable and illegal wildlife trade
Over-exploitation of marine resources and destructive fishing
Most, if not all, of Indonesia's capture fisheries are fully or overexploited. Adding to this problem are efforts to increase the catch of Indonesia's fisheries, pushing fish populations ever closer to the brink of depletion.
Overfishing and destructive fishing: Causes, impacts and why you should care
Pollution
About 96% of Indonesians live within 100 km of the coast,8 placing huge demands on the country’s coastal environment.
Rapid economic development, particularly around major population centres results in large amounts of sewage and industrial pollution, causing the decline of many reef areas especially those near growing cities such as Jakarta, Ambon and Ujung Pandang.
There are also environmental problems linked to rapid urbanization and economic development, such as air pollution, traffic congestion, garbage management, and reliable water and waste water services.
good law supremacy, good human resources, can save our earth
GREEN REVOLUTION !!!
Rapid economic growth in Indonesia has been accompanied by significant structural changes, including for its agricultural sector and its unique natural environment. Recently questions have been raised about the impact of Indonesia’s agricultural, industrial, trade and environmental policies on sustainable rural
development. The nature of interactions between the economic activities of different sectors
and the environment are such that an intersectoral, system-wide perspective is essential for
assessing them. An international perspective also is needed to assess the impact on Indonesia
of major shocks abroad, such as the implementation of the Uruguay Round agreements,
APEC initiatives, or reforms in former centrally planned economies. There is increasing
pressure on supporters of liberal trade to demonstrate that trade reforms at home or abroad
affecting countries such as Indonesia will not add to global environmental problems (e.g.,
deforestation, reduced biodiversity). Again, this requires system-wide quantitative models of the economy and ecology, because typically there are both positive and negative effects at
work, so the sign of the net effects ultimately has to be determined empirically.
Great article.. It's not only government have to overcome those problems, but also we as a next generation and human resources have to study hard, so we can upgrading quality of us (as human resources).
What a great article, hope that after read this article, not only government, but we, Indonesian citizens, can upgrade our country to be better than before
adnan lazuardi
the government should undertake equitable development. and also people who have a wealth of nature can enjoy it without the intervention of foreign
This article reveals so many facts which is can answer so many questions about Indonesia nowadays. Indonesian should know this to make this not only a discourse :D
thats a movement to awaken the nation
Cecilia M
I agree with this article. Indonesia have many resources, but regrettable Indonesia can not manage the resources, actually if the government of Indonesia, can completed any problem and manage the resources, i believe that income will be higher and it might be reach more profit for our country, i hope the government can completed the problem.
Good article Ayu :)
Many people don't care about his/her country,but you don't.
What we need now is Nationalism. So we can do what we can do to improve our nation. Without ask what our country give to us. Big Change Start from A Little Thing.
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